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| c. 500 |
| | | A phallic figure, the Cerne Giant, is cut on a Dorset hillside at Cerne Abbas | |
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| c. 500 |
| | | According to Bede, the first widely accepted Anglo-Saxon ruler in southern Britain is Aelli, founder of the West Sussex kingdom | |
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| c. 530 |
| | | St Finnian founds the first of Ireland's great Celtic monasteries, at Clonard | |
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| c. 550 |
| | | If there is any historical basis for the legendary King Arthur, it is as a Celtic chieftain resisting the Anglo-Saxons in the sixth century | |
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| 563 |
| | | St Columba establishes a monastery on the island of Iona, from which Celtic Christianity is carried to Scotland and northern England | |
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| c. 580 |
| | | St David founds monasteries in Wales and makes his base at Mynyw, a place now known after him as St David's | |
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| 597 |
| | | Augustine, arriving with a party of monks from Rome, reaches Canterbury and is well received by the pagan king of Kent | |
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| c. 600 |
| | | The distinction between capital and lower-case emerges in the scriptoria of the Irish monasteries | |
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| c. 600 |
| | | The Scots, a tribal group of northern Ireland, extend their kingdom across the sea into Scotland | |
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| c. 620 |
| | | The Irish monk St Aidan moves from Iona to establish a monastery on Lindisfarne | |
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